Perception of Cityscape of the Central Part of Kaunas and Sociocultural Aspects Determining It
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2021.18.03Keywords:
urban landscape, cityscape, city view, Kaunas, sociocultural factorsAbstract
This article deals with peculiarities of Kaunas centre cityscape perception and the determining socio-cultural factors. Important elements creating unique view of a location and identity are related to the period’s history, culture, political situation, features of the location natural basis, as well as individual’s-observer‘s education, personal qualities, aesthetic and cultural sophistication. The territory of Kaunas city centre was selected for the case study. It is characterized by unique natural, historic, cultural conditions and high information-emotional potential. During the research prioritary ranking concerning significance of cityscape elements groups and experienced psycho-emotional senses was conducted. Furthermore, the correlations between the distance of object observation, heights of observation points as well as movement mode selection and personal factors such as gender, age, occupation, and education based on statistical dependencies were identified. The obtained results explain the principles of Kaunas centre cityscapes perception.
References
Bruce Goldstein, E. Sensation and perception (9 th ed). Belmont, Calif, Wadsworth Pub. Co. 1980.
Cowan, R. The dictionary of urbanism. Norfolk: Streetwise Press, 2005, p. 61.
Cullen, G. The Concise Townscape. London: Architectural Press, 1990, p. 193-196.
Gehl J. Cities for People. London: Islandpress, 2010, p. 9-19.
Hackett, B. Opportunities in city landscape. In :Grove, A. B., Cresswell, R. W. City Landscape. University Press, Cambridge, 1982, p. 1-3
Jakovlevas–Mateckis, K. Miesto kraštovaizdžio architektūra, t. I: Miesto kraštovaizdžio architektūros raida ir teorijos pagrindai. Vilnius: Technika, 2008, p. 8.
Kaplan, R., Kaplan, S. & Ryan, R, L. With People in Mind. Island Press, USA, 1998.
Kauno miesto savivaldybė. Kauno miesto savivaldybės 2020–2022 metų strateginis veiklos planas. [online 20.10.2020] http://www.kaunas.lt/administracija/veikla/planavimo-dokumentai/strateginiai-veiklos-planai/
Kaymaz, I, C. Landscape Perception [online 26.11.2018]. http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/37563/intech-landscape_perception.pdf
Keshtkaran, R. Urban landscape: A review of key concepts and main purposes. International Journal of Development and Sustainability. Vol. 8 No. 2, 2019. p. 141-168.
Kirvaitienė, S. Disertacija. Miesto įvaizdžio formavimo galimybės ir uždaviniai plėtojant centro aplinką. Vilnius, 2007. VGTU, p. 30.
Lynch, K. The Image of the City. MIT Press, Cambridge MA. 1960, p.116–125.
Michael Hall, C., Sharples, L., Mitchell, R., Macionis, N., Cambourne, B. Food Tourism Around The World. Butterworth-Heinemann Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, 2003, p. 1-24.
Molotch, H. The City as a Growth Machine: Toward a Political Economy of Place. American Journal of Sociology. The University of Chicago Press, Vol. 82, No. 2 (Sep., 1976), p. 309-332.
Osgood, C., E. 1964. Semantic Differential Technique in the Comparative Study of Cultures1. American Anthropologist, 66, Issue 3. Wiley. p.171-177.
Pasirinktų Kauno miesto žiūrėjimo taškų reljefo aukščio indentifikavimo duomenys pagal HNITBaltic_Data - [online 30. 06. 2020] https://www.arcgis.com/
Pilkauskas, R. Kraštovaizdžio architektūra Lietuvoje. Acta Academiae Artium Vilnensis, I 33, Vilnius, 2004, p. 7–49.
Ribelytė-Knistautienė, R., Kamičaitytė-Virbašienė, J. Subjective identity of Kaunas cityscape: research results and their relation with objective indicators of urban structure. Journal of sustainable architecture and civil engineering = Darnioji architektūra ir statyba, Vol. 17, iss. 4. Kaunas: Technologija, 2016, p. 5-14.
Schafer, M. R. The Soundscape: Our Sonic Environment and the Tuning of the World. Rochester. Vermonnt: Destiny Books, 1993.
Simonds, J, O. 1998. Landscape Architecture: A Manual of Site Planning and Design. McGraw Hill Professional, p. 5-9.
Stauskas, V. Architektūra, aplinka, atostogos. Kaunas: Vytauto Didžiojo Universitetas, 2012.
Stefanou, J, Vasilara, A. Non visual aspects of landscape odour landscape. Journal "Sustainable development, culture, traditions" Vol. 2/2013 [online 20.06.2020] http://sdct-journal.com/images/Issues/2014/1.pdf
Tauras, A. Landšafto architektūra kaime. Vilnius: Mintis, 1974, p. 26.
Vanagas, J. Urbanistikos pagrindai. Vilnius: Technika, 2008, p. 52-112
Whyte, H, W. 1980. The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces. Santa Monica, CA, Direct Cinema Ltd, p. 10, 32, 46, 48.
Zaleckis K., Kamičaitytė-Virbašienė J. 2012. Darnus urbanistinių struktūrų vystymasis: Kauno miesto atvejis., Kūrybos erdvės, Šiauliai, nr. 16, p. 46–69.
Zaleckis, K. Kai kurie teoriniai ir praktiniai bendrai suvokiamo ir įsivaizduojamo miesto vaizdo nustatymo klausimai. Urbanistika ir architektūra, Vol. (26)2, 2002, p. 96-106.
Zaleckis, K., Gražulevičiūtė-Vileniškė, I., Vitkuvienė, J. Miestovaizdžio skaitomumas kaip tapatumo rodiklis. 2018. [online 29.04.2020] http://archmuziejus.lt/lt/miestovaizdzio-skaitomumas-kaip-tapatumo-rodiklis/#_ftn4
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Landscape Architecture and Art
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.